International Research Journal of Education and Technology

The construction industry’s reliance on traditional concrete materials has significant environmental implications, including high energy usage and CO₂ emissions. This study investigates the use of silica fume and copper slag as partial replacements in M30-grade concrete to enhance its mechanical properties while contributing to environmental sustainability. Silica fume and copper slag were substituted at 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight for cement and fine aggregates, respectively. Results indicated that the inclusion of these industrial by-products improves both compressive and flexural strength of concrete, particularly at 10% and 20% replacement levels, while also reducing environmental impact. These findings present a viable solution for sustainable construction.