International Research Journal of Education and Technology

A Vulnerability Assessment and Management (VAM) system helps organizations assess their network, software, and hardware for vulnerabilities that may pose a risk. The system works by scanning systems for known security gaps, misconfigurations, and outdated software versions that could be exploited by attackers. Once vulnerabilities are identified, they are prioritized based on the level of threat they pose, allowing organizations to address the most critical issues first.The enhanced capabilities of modern VAM systems go beyond simple vulnerability scanning. By integrating machine learning and advanced analytics, these systems can now intelligently assess the risk of potential vulnerabilities by analyzing patterns of cyberattacks, threat intelligence, and historical data. This allows organizations to better understand the likely impact of a vulnerability and to make informed decisions about how to prioritize remediation efforts. Automation also plays a key role in improving the efficiency of VAM systems by allowing for real-time scanning, immediate alerts, and automatic patching of known vulnerabilities.The integration of VAM systems into an organization’s cybersecurity strategy can significantly mitigate security risks. Timely identification and resolution of vulnerabilities help reduce the window of exposure to cyberattacks, preventing attackers from exploiting known weaknesses.Many industries require adherence to security standards and frameworks such as ISO 27001, GDPR, and NIST. By conducting regular vulnerability assessments and addressing identified issues, organizations can ensure they are compliant with these regulations, avoiding fines and reputational damage.In conclusion, an enhanced Vulnerability Assessment and Management system is essential in strengthening an organization’s cybersecurity defenses. By proactively identifying, assessing, and addressing vulnerabilities, businesses can significantly reduce the risk of cyberattacks, ensure compliance with industry standards, and ultimately protect their critical assets from harm.

Keywords:  Vulnerability Assessment, Cybersecurity Risk Management, Graph Neural Networks, Industrial IoT (IIoT) Security