International Research Journal of Education and Technology

Viaducts are essential infrastructure components in modern transportation networks, providing elevated passage over valleys, urban areas, floodplains, and other obstacles. Ensuring their structural efficiency and minimizing maintenance costs is critical for long-term operational sustainability. This review critically examines strategies aimed at improving the load-bearing performance of viaducts while enhancing maintenance efficiency. Key aspects analyzed include optimal pier and span design, material selection, structural monitoring systems, and advanced construction techniques. Recent developments in high-performance concrete, composite materials, and prefabrication methods are highlighted for their contribution to improved structural resilience and durability. The review also evaluates proactive maintenance strategies, including structural health monitoring, predictive maintenance, and repair prioritization techniques, which significantly reduce lifecycle costs and downtime. Through a comprehensive synthesis of current research, case studies, and engineering practices, this study provides insights into optimizing viaduct design and maintenance to achieve enhanced load performance, durability, and cost-effectiveness. The findings aim to guide engineers, planners, and policymakers in implementing sustainable and efficient viaduct systems in both urban and rural contexts.

Keywords: -Viaduct design optimization, Load-bearing capacity, Maintenance efficiency, High-performance materials, Prefabrication techniques