A Review on improving concrete durability by using Controlled Permeable Formwork

 

Concrete durability is a critical factor in ensuring the long-term performance and service life of structures, especially in aggressive environmental conditions. Controlled Permeable Formwork (CPF) has emerged as an innovative technique to enhance the durability of concrete by improving the quality of the cover zone. CPF liners, typically made of non-woven fabric, allow excess water and entrapped air to drain from the fresh concrete surface while retaining fine cement particles. This process reduces the local water-to-cement ratio and increases cement content in the surface layer, resulting in a denser, less porous cover zone with improved hardness, abrasion resistance, and reduced water absorption. The review consolidates various studies that demonstrate CPF’s effectiveness in enhancing near-surface concrete properties, including resistance to chloride penetration, carbonation, and freeze-thaw cycles. It also highlights the potential benefits of combining CPF with supplementary cementations materials such as fly ash and rice husk ash for further durability enhancement. Overall, CPF presents a practical and cost-effective solution for producing more durable, long-lasting concrete structures.

 

Keywords: Concrete durability, Controlled Permeable Formwork, CPF liner, Water-to-cement ratio, Surface densification, Supplementary cementations materials, Abrasion resistance, Chloride penetration, Freeze-thaw resistance.

 

Concrete durability Controlled Permeable Formwork CPF liner Water-to-cement ratio Surface densification Supplementary cementations materials Abrasion resistance Chloride penetration Freeze-thaw resistance.