International Research Journal of Education and Technology

Petrol filling station employees are continuously exposed to airborne hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds released during fuel dispensing and storage. These pollutants, particularly benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene, represent significant occupational health hazards. Long-term inhalation exposure to petroleum vapors can impair respiratory function and lead to chronic pulmonary disorders. Several studies have reported reduced pulmonary function parameters among petrol pump workers compared with unexposed populations. Declines in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) indicate both obstructive and restrictive respiratory patterns. The present article reviews the sources of airborne hydrocarbon exposure, pathophysiological effects on the respiratory system, and evidence of lung function decline among petrol filling station employees. Preventive strategies including occupational safety training, use of personal protective equipment, and routine pulmonary screening are also discussed. Protecting petrol station workers from hydrocarbon exposure is essential for preventing long-term respiratory complications and promoting occupational health.

Keywords: Petrol pump workers, hydrocarbons, occupational exposure, pulmonary function, respiratory impairment