International Research Journal of Education and Technology

Cancer cells are abnormal cells that grow and divide uncontrollably, unlike normal cells which follow regulated life cycles. They arise due to mutations in genes that control cell growth, division, and repair. These cells can evade the body’s immune system and resist programmed cell death (apoptosis). Cancer cells often form tumors, which can be benign or malignant; malignant tumors have the ability to invade nearby tissues. One key feature of cancer cells is their ability to metastasize, meaning they spread to other parts of the body through blood or lymph systems. They also promote the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) to supply nutrients for continued growth. Cancer cells show altered metabolism, often consuming more glucose than normal cells. Environmental factors, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle choices can contribute to their development. Understanding cancer cells is crucial for developing treatments like chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies. Research continues to improve early detection and more effective, less harmful treatments.

Keywords:
Cancer cells, mutations, uncontrolled growth, apoptosis, tumors, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune evasion. Genetic factors, environmental causes, abnormal metabolism, rapid division. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, early detection, treatment research.