International Research Journal of Education and Technology

This paper presents the design and implementation of a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor controller. BLDC motors are preferred in modern applications due to their efficiency, reliability. The controller uses a microcontroller to process inputs and control the motor’s speed, direction, and torque. The system is designed to support both sensor-based and sensorless control methods, with an emphasis on Field-Oriented Control (FOC) to optimize performance, particularly at low speeds. Key components of the controller include a gate driver circuit, current sensors, and a power stage consisting of MOSFETs for efficient switching. Protection mechanisms such as overcurrent, overvoltage, and temperature protections are also integrated to ensure safe operation. The system’s performance is analyzed in terms of efficiency, torque control, and response time. A PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) method is employed to manage the motor’s power delivery. Experimental results confirm the efficacy of the controller, demonstrating stable motor performance under varying load conditions. Overall, the BLDC motor controller offers significant advantages in terms of energy efficiency and longevity, making it suitable for both industrial and consumer-grade applications.

Keywords: BLDC Motor, Controller Design, Field- Oriented Control, Pulse Width Modulation, Motor Control, Sensorless Control, Torque Control, Efficiency